Assuming, that the document isn’t a fraud and wasn’t produced with a certain purpose by the legists of Philip the Fair, we can state, that it shows us the list of Templars, who were especially carefully looked for by the royal authorities. Some maintained that it came from the remains of a former grand master of the order, while others were equally convinced that it was Baphomet – which in turn was interpreted as 'Mohammed'. Further, the Grand Master of the Templars was involved in this battle, Gerard de Ridefort, who had just achieved that lifetime position a few years earlier. Follow the Templar on Facebook. The preceptor in his turn gave it to another Templar. Even with the absorption of Templars into other Orders, there are still questions as to what became of all of the tens of thousands of Templars across Europe. Among these very doubtful confessions made by Jean de Chalon and cited in the report on the investigation in Poitou in 1308, which is now kept in the archives of Vatican[31], we find also the below given passage. Commanderie (preceptory) Villemoison – present days. [31] Register Aven. But after the Siege of Acre in 1291, the Templars were forced to relocate their headquarters to the island of Cyprus. One of the greatest historical mysteries in which they have been involved began in the year 1307, when a fleet composed of dozens of ships, in which the Templars escaped the persecution of the French King Philip IV, disappeared without a trace. He is often given the second rank in the hierarchy of French Templars, but regarding the fact that the Visitor Hugues de Pairaud was already in his declining years, Gerard de Villiers played perhaps even the main role. Insect winter ecology describes the overwinter survival strategies of insects, which are in many respects more similar to those of plants than to many other animals, such as mammals and birds.Unlike those animals, which can generate their own heat internally (endothermic), insects must rely on external sources to provide their heat (ectothermic). Follow the Templar on Facebook. Specifically, surviving Templars joined the following Orders (indicating dates of joining, wit… 468, 488. Regarding the fact that his name could be spelled in different variations, it is possible that the knight meant here is the brother Petrus de Bocli, who had really managed to escape. One indication of their powerful political connections is that the Templars' involvement in usury did not lead to more controversy within the Order and the church at large. None of the English Templars except him were sentenced to be imprisoned, so that Humbert Blanc was the only one who was put into irons[9]. The arrests caused some shifts in the European economy, from a system of military fiat back to European money, removing this power from Church orders. In my opinion, members of the order did likely seek refuge in Switzerland, their expertise eventually making its mark on the Swiss nation. For some it was a human skull, embalmed and encrusted with jewels; for others it was carved out of wood. In the Iberian Peninsula, where the king of Aragon was against giving the heritage of the Templars to the Hospitallers (as commanded by Clement V), the Order of Montesa took Templar assets. Interrogatus, quomodo potuit tandiu istud factum teneri secretum, respondit, quod nullus pro aliqua re erat ausus revelare, nisi papa et rex aperuissent viam, quia, si sciretur in ordine, quod aliquis loqueretur, statim fuisset mortuus[32]. The masonic lodge was founded in Scotland from what remained of the templars and that latter organisation would most likely have used that treasure as founding capital. Because this band of 24 Templars may very well have made it to a secure location (like Switzerland) with the Templar treasure to continue the line of Templars which may have survived until today. We know nothing about his origin, but he is often confused with another Gerard de Villiers, preceptor of a mighty Wallon commandery in Villiers-le-Temple, who died in 1273. 109–134, [8] Heinrich Finke – Papsttum und Untergang des Templerordens, 2 Bde., Vorreformationsgeschichtliche Forschungen, IV, Münster 1907, p. 74, [10] Alan Forey – Ex-Templars in England, Journal of Ecclesiastical History, Cambridge University, 2002, [12] De Trudon des Ormes – Liste des maisons et de quelques dignitaires de l’Ordre du Temple en Syrie, en Chypre et en France, d’après les pièces du procès – Revue de l’Orient Latin, tome V, Paris , 1897, [13] Jules Michelet – Procès des templiers (collection des documents inédits de l´histoire de France), Paris 1841-1851, T.1 p.39, [14] Anne Gilmour-Bryson –The Trial of the Templars in Cyprus, a complete English edition, Leiden: Brill, 1998, p. 85, [15] Different sources give different variations how his name can be spelled: Lins, Lur, Liris, Lurs, Lus, [16] Barral de Gauzignan, Barral de Gauzighan., Barralis de Grazilhano, [17] Damien Carraz – L’Ordre du Temple dans la Basse vallée du Rhône (1124-1312). Answer. Templars The Rise Fall Survival Of The Knights Templar amazon ca templars books. This terrifying onslaught would frequently have the desired result of breaking a hole in the enemy lines, thereby giving the other Crusader forces an advantage.[2]. There is no evidence about a Templar with such a name, but the list of twelve knows a certain Richard de Montclair. Legend has it the reason why the Templars survived in Portugal at all (as the modern-day Order of Christ) is because they were part and parcel of the Portuguese Reconquista. The ultimate conclusion is that the Templars did survive, virtually intact and that in a very direct sense, they may still be one of the most potent forces at work in the world at the start of the new Millennium. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from Edward Zaborovsky. "[citation needed], In the end, the only three accused of heresy directly by the papal commission were Jacques de Molay, Grand Master of the Knights Templar, and his two immediate subordinates; they were to renounce their heresy publicly, when de Molay regained his courage and proclaimed the order's and his innocence along with Geoffrey de Charney. It’s quite possible, that we have a mistake in the document, and Gerard and Richard should be one and the same person. [citation needed], In England the Crown was also deeply in debt to the Templars, and probably on that basis, the Templars were also persecuted in England, their lands forfeited and taken by others, (the last private owner being the favorite of Edward II, Hugh le Despenser). Join 14,268 other subscribers Email Address . In The Real History Behind the Templars, the author states that the Syrian patriarch, Michael, gave one of the first versions of the Templar story.In 1190, Michael wrote that a man from France traveled to Jerusalem with 30 knights to devote his life to God. 1. P. Gallimard, 1982. The Knights Templar initially arrived in the Holy Land on a mission to reclaim some treasure that they believed was rightfully theirs. He could not be married or betrothed and cannot have any vow in any other Order. [23] Spelling variations: Gérard de Vilars, Gérard de Villers, Gérard de Vîlliers, Gerardum de Villaribus, Gerardus de Villars, Gerardus de Villaribus, Girardo de Villariis, Girard de Villard, Géraut de Vîlliers, Gérot de Villiers, [24] Alain Demurger – Jacques de Molay: Le crépuscule des Templiers. But perhaps they had one more purpose. [22], In Holy Blood, Holy Grail, the knights that allegedly boarded these ships then escaped to Scotland, but in some versions the Templars are even claimed to have left for North America, burying a treasure in Oak Island, Nova Scotia, Canada (a story taken up in the 2004 movie National Treasure starring Nicolas Cage). The further destiny of the ex-master of Auvergne remains unknown. The Templars were already a "state within a state", were institutionally wealthy, paid no taxes, and had a large standing army which by papal decree could move freely through all European borders. Templars are officially deemed a force of defenders by the Chantry. Ordres militaires, croisades et sociétés méridionales, Presses Universitaires de Lyon, 2003 p. 308, 311, [19] Alain Demurger – Outre-mer. Did they bury that treasure and was it used centuries later to fund the American Revolution? It again involved Saladin, who had been beaten back by the Templars in 1177 in the legendary Battle of Montgisard near Tiberias, but this time Saladin was better prepared. We don’t know exactly that kind of kinship existed between all these people, but apparently they were relatives. [34] The late scholar Hugh J. Schonfield speculated that the chaplains of the Knights Templar created the term Baphomet through the Atbash cipher to encrypt the Gnostic term Sophia (Greek for "wisdom") due to the influence of hypothetical Qumran Essene scrolls, which they may have found during archaeological digs in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. In this he was abetted by the military orders, whose great castles stood like islands of Frankish power amid the Muslim torrent. Rumors run rampant about whether they're hiding the Ark of the Covenant or the secret bloodline of Christ. Another key tactic of the Templars was that of the "squadron charge". Now we’ll take a look on the three remaining Templars, whose role in the trial is much more mysterious. P.: Editions du Seuil, 1985 p.278, [4] Jean-Claude Bonnin – Les Templiers et la mer: l`exemple de La Rochelle. But is any of it true? In the same bull, he urged those who had pleaded guilty be treated "according to the rigours of justice. But the order explicitly stated that dissolution was enacted, "with a sad heart, not by definitive sentence, but by apostolic provision. Follow the Templar on Twitter My Tweets. In 1314, the remaining Templar leaders in France were executed, some by being burned at the stake. What seems to be more interesting is what he says about Villiers. Thus in 1302, when the Pope called to his place the leading clerics and the heads of religious orders, but Philip the Fair forbade them to go, Hugues de Pairaud, being afraid of coming himself, sent Hugues de Chalon with this mission. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. They did it to prove their loyalty to their seniors and to save their own lives. This strange document with the custody number fol. Barber has linked this charge to medieval folklore about magical heads, and the popular medieval belief that the Muslims worshipped idols. Frale published her findings in the Journal of Medieval History in 2004[33] In 2007, The Vatican published the Chinon Parchment as part of a limited edition of 799 copies of Processus Contra Templarios. Jacques de Molay, who was to be the last of the Order's Grand Masters, took office around 1292. In 1298 or 1299, the military orders (the Knights Templar and Knights Hospitaller) and their leaders, including Jacques de Molay, Otton de Grandson and the Great Master of the Hospitallers, briefly campaigned in Armenia, in order to fight off an invasion by the Mamluks. He was definitely not young, for there is some evidence about his being in the Holy Land in Château Pèlerin in 1286. The most transparent person among them is Humbert Blanc (Humbertus Blancus). Clement issued a Papal Bull which granted the … Pilgrims would visit a Templar house in their home country, depositing their deeds and valuables. 379, 382, 383). Later, in January 1311 he made some extended testimonies. [36] Mechner, Jordan. He was probably a certain official in the Temple, for we know, that in 1306 he was in charge of accepting recruits into the Order in a small commandery of La Fuilhouse (Fulhosa), Auvergne, but he wasn’t a preceptor there. Various nobles also had concerns about the Templars as well, both for financial reasons, and nervousness about an independent army that was able to move freely through all borders. Of course, regarding the weight of the defeat the French suffered, the legend describes how angry and furious Philip the Fair was. His importance can be easily explained by the position he held – he was lieutenant of the Visitor of France Hugues de Pairaud[12] and could be regarded as a very valuable witness. There also doesn’t seem to be a written account of any pilgrims being guarded by the Templars. Final attempts to regain the Holy Land (1298–1300). Evidence the Knights Templar got to … The presence of the Provence Templars in the list arouses a special interest, for this region was at that time under the reign und jurisdiction of Charles II of Anjou, count of Provence, and the arrest were made there later. [citation needed], Despite the poor defense of the Order, when the papal commission ended its proceedings on June 5, 1311, it found no evidence that the Order itself held heretical doctrines, or used a "secret rule" apart from the Latin and French rules. The Templars began as a medieval religious-military order dedicated to safeguarding the people of the holy land during the era of the crusades. Then they were put to death. The Templars were overcome by the heat within a day, and then surrounded and massacred by Saladin's army. The fourth was that the cord worn by the neophyte day and night was consecrated by wrapping it around an idol in the form of a human head with a great beard, and that this idol was adored in all chapters. Much of the Templar property outside France was transferred by the Pope to the Knights Hospitaller, and many surviving Templars were also accepted into the Hospitallers. Favorite Answer. However, this assumption exposes the reputation of Finke, whose skills of a historian are beyond any doubts. In fact at no point in their history would the Templars be more powerful than in the century to come. [1] Laurent Dailliez – La France des Templiers, Marabout, coll. . Turning the Templar Key is an exhilarating romp through the history of Freemasonry in search of the - Origins of the Masonic Knights Templar. The Sinclairs – or St Clairs – already had a Templar connection. "[36], This was followed by the papal bull Ad Providum on May 2, 1312, which granted all of the Order's lands and wealth to the Hospitallers so that its original purpose could be met, despite Philip's wishes that the lands in France pass to him. In addition, the high mortality rates of the knights in the East (regularly ninety percent in battle, not including wounded) resulted in extremely high campaign costs due to the need to recruit and train more knights. Did any kamikaze pilots survive Resümees. Some attribute the origins to the Code of Hammurabi, one of the worlds oldest legal documents, which may or may not have superstitiously omitted a 13th rule from its list. Precisely as Daray and Lurs did, he also recruited the new members, but unlike the first two Templars he was an important Order official too. 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